The Oral-Written Language Scale (OWLS) is a standardized assessment of receptive and expressive language skills.  It consists of three scales:  Listening Comprehension (LCS), Oral Expression (OES) and Written Language.  The skills of oral language (LCS and OES) are often assessed separately from those of written language and by professionals in varied fields.  The LCS is designed to measure the understanding of spoken language.  The student is asked to respond by pointing to one of four pictures that correspond to the word or sentence given by the examiner.  The OES is designed to measure the understanding and use of spoken language.  The student is asked to respond orally by answering a question, completing a sentence, or generating one or more sentences.  The test responses yield a standard score where 100 is mean and 85-115 is considered the range of average for      chronological age.       's standard score of       is considered       .  Analysis of       responses indicated that       had difficulty comprehending/using      .